History of Adamawa

Adamawa is a state located in northeastern Nigeria. Its capital and largest city is Yola. The state is known for its diverse culture, with many ethnic groups such as the Hausa, Fulani, and Tiv peoples. Agriculture is a major industry in the state, with crops such as sorghum, millet, and groundnuts grown. The state is also home to the famous Yola National Park and the Lamurde Hot Springs.

Adamawa state has a rich history, with evidence of human habitation dating back to the 5th century. The region was originally inhabited by various ethnic groups, including the Hausa, Fulani, and Tiv peoples.

In the 19th century, the Fulani Islamic leader, Usman dan Fodio, led a religious and political movement that resulted in the formation of the Sokoto Caliphate, which included present-day Adamawa state. The British later colonized the area during the Scramble for Africa, and it became part of the British protectorate of Nigeria.

After Nigeria gained independence in 1960, Adamawa state was created in 1991 from Gongola state. The state has faced various challenges, including ethnic and religious conflicts, as well as attacks by the terrorist group Boko Haram.

Adamawa state has a diverse cultural heritage, with many traditional festivals, arts and crafts, and ancient historical sites, like the Mubi town which is the oldest town in Adamawa state.

                                 Location
Adamawa state is located in northeastern Nigeria. It is bordered by Borno state to the northeast, Gombe state to the west, Taraba state to the south, and Cameroon to the east. The state covers an area of around 36,917 square kilometers and has a population of around 3.2 million people. The state capital is Yola, and other major cities include Mubi, Numan and Yola. The state is located within the savannah region of Nigeria, characterized by its hot and dry climate.

                                     Religion
Adamawa state, like many other parts of Nigeria, has a diverse religious population. Christianity and Islam are the two main religions in the state.

Islam is the dominant religion in Adamawa, with the majority of the population adhering to the faith. The Fulani and Hausa ethnic groups, which make up a large portion of the state's population, are predominantly Muslim.

However, Christianity is also widely practiced in the state, particularly by the Tiv ethnic group and some other minorities. There are also other smaller religions like traditional African Religion, Hinduism and Buddhism practiced by a small percentage of the population.

Overall, Adamawa state is a culturally diverse state with a tolerant and peaceful coexistence of different religious and ethnic groups.

                                Tribes 
Adamawa state is home to a diverse population of ethnic groups. The major tribes in the state include:

The Hausa: The Hausa are the largest ethnic group in the state and are primarily concentrated in the northern and central regions of the state. They are predominantly Muslim and are known for their rich culture and traditional way of life.

The Fulani: The Fulani are another major ethnic group in the state, and like the Hausa, they are predominantly Muslim. They are known for their nomadic lifestyle and are primarily found in the northern and central regions of the state.

The Tiv: The Tiv are the third-largest ethnic group in the state and are primarily found in the southern and eastern regions of the state. They are primarily Christian and are known for their rich culture and traditional way of life.

The Kanuri: The Kanuri are a minority ethnic group in the state, primarily found in the northern and northeastern regions of the state. They are predominantly Muslim and are known for their rich cultural heritage and traditional way of life.

The Jukun: The Jukun people are also a minority ethnic group in the state, primarily found in the southern and western regions of the state. They are predominantly Christian and are known for their rich cultural heritage and traditional way of life.

Other tribes in Adamawa state include the Mbasa, Bwatiye, and Bwabwai.

                            Traditional rulers
Adamawa state, like many other parts of Nigeria, has a traditional system of governance. The traditional rulers, also known as emirs or lamido, play an important role in the administration and governance of the state.

In Adamawa state, there are several traditional rulers, each ruling over their own emirates or chiefdoms.

The Lamido of Adamawa: The Lamido of Adamawa is the highest-ranking traditional ruler in the state. He is the head of the Adamawa Emirate Council, which is made up of other traditional rulers in the state. The current Lamido of Adamawa is Muhammadu Barkindo Aliyu Musdafa.

The Emir of Mubi: The Emir of Mubi is the traditional ruler of the Mubi Emirate, one of the emirates in Adamawa state. The current Emir of Mubi is Abubakar Isa Ahmadu.

The Emir of Ganye: The Emir of Ganye is the traditional ruler of the Ganye Emirate, one of the emirates in Adamawa state. The current Emir of Ganye is Muhammadu Sambo.

The Emir of Numan: The Emir of Numan is the traditional ruler of the Numan Emirate, one of the emirates in Adamawa state. The current Emir of Numan is Usman Aliyu.

The Emir of Yola: The Emir of Yola is the traditional ruler of the Yola Emirate, one of the emirates in Adamawa state. The current Emir of Yola is Aliyu Mustapha.

These traditional rulers have a strong influence on the community and play an important role in maintaining law and order, resolving disputes, and promoting the cultural heritage of the state.

                          Notable People
Adamawa state has produced many notable people in a variety of fields, such as politics, business, education, and entertainment. Here are a few notable people from Adamawa state:

Atiku Abubakar: He is a former Vice President of Nigeria and a leading figure in Nigerian politics. He is from Adamawa state and he has also served as governor of the state.

Ahmed Joda: He is a Nigerian economist, public servant, and educationist. He was born in Adamawa state and has served as the Chairman of the Presidential Task Team on the Reform of the Nigerian Educational System.

Ahmed Idris Nasreddin: He is a Sudanese businessman, philanthropist and politician who was born in Adamawa state. He is the founder of the Nasreddin Group, one of the largest business conglomerates in Sudan.

Iyorwuese Hagher: He is a Nigerian playwright, theatre director, and performer. He is a native of Adamawa state and has written and directed several plays that have been performed both locally and internationally.

Ahmed Zaki Yamani: He is a Saudi Arabian lawyer and economist who served as the Minister of Oil (Petroleum) and Mineral Resources in Saudi Arabia from 1962 to 1986. He was born in Adamawa state and his father was a wealthy merchant.

Adamu Chiroma: He is a Nigerian lawyer and academic who was born in Adamawa state. He is a former Vice-Chancellor of the Federal University, Kashere and former Director-General of the Nigeria Law School.

These are just a few examples of notable people from Adamawa state, and there are many more who have made significant contributions to their fields.

                            Eductional Institutions
Adamawa state, like many other states in Nigeria, has a number of educational institutions, including universities, polytechnics, colleges of education and secondary schools. Here are a few notable educational institutions in Adamawa state:

Adamawa State University (ASU): Founded in 2002, ASU is a public university located in Mubi, Adamawa state. It offers undergraduate and graduate programs in a variety of fields, including arts, sciences, social sciences, and management.

Federal Polytechnic, Mubi: Founded in 1979, Federal Polytechnic Mubi is a public polytechnic located in Mubi, Adamawa state. It offers diploma, higher national diploma and post-HND programs in a variety of fields, including engineering, sciences, management and social sciences.

Adamawa State College of Education, Yola: Founded in 1975, the Adamawa State College of Education is a public college of education located in Yola, Adamawa state. It offers teacher training programs at undergraduate and graduate levels.

Adamawa State School of Health Technology, Yola: Founded in 1978, Adamawa State School of Health Technology is a public health institution located in Yola, Adamawa state. It offers training programs in various health-related fields, such as nursing and midwifery, public health, and medical laboratory technology.

Government Secondary School, Yola: Founded in 1922, Government Secondary School Yola is one of the oldest secondary schools in Adamawa state. It's a public boarding school located in Yola and it's known for its academic excellence and discipline.

Command Secondary School, Yola: Founded in 1977, Command Secondary School Yola is a Federal Government-owned secondary school located in Yola, Adamawa state. It's known for its academic excellence, discipline and it's a military-oriented school.

These are just a few examples of the many educational institutions in Adamawa state, and there are many more that offer a wide range of educational opportunities for students at all levels.

                                   Festivals
Adamawa state, like many other states in Nigeria, has a rich culture and tradition and a number of festivals are celebrated throughout the year. Here are a few notable festivals in Adamawa state:

Durbar Festival: This is an annual festival celebrated by the people of Adamawa state, particularly the Fulani people. It is a colorful parade of horse riders, dressed in traditional attire, who showcase their horseback riding skills and horse breeding. The festival is usually held in Yola, the state capital, and other major towns in the state.

Gudum Festival: This is an annual festival celebrated by the people of the Gudum community in Adamawa state. It is a celebration of the end of the farming season and it is marked by traditional dances, cultural displays, and the sharing of food and drinks.

Kudumbal Festival: This is an annual festival celebrated by the people of the Kudumbal community in Adamawa state. It is a celebration of the end of the farming season and it is marked by traditional dances, cultural displays, and the sharing of food and drinks.

Wodaabe Festival: This is an annual festival celebrated by the Wodaabe people of Adamawa state. It is a celebration of the end of the rainy season and it is marked by traditional dances, cultural displays, and the sharing of food and drinks.

Tikare Festival: This is an annual festival celebrated by the Tikare people of Adamawa state. It is a celebration of the end of the rainy season and it is marked by traditional dances, cultural displays, and the sharing of food and drinks.

These festivals are a great way for the people of Adamawa state to come together and celebrate their culture, traditions and customs. They are also an opportunity for visitors to learn more about the culture and customs of the people of Adamawa state.